German or Italian ancestry
Having a German ancestor is not the same as being German. Whether you are a German citizen depends on whether citizenship was passed on at each step. A positive answer would make visas unnecessary, so check this first, but do not assume it.
Check: the BVA procedure
- The Federal Office of Administration (BVA) examines when and how someone acquired German citizenship and whether they still have it. If yes, it issues a certificate of citizenship (BVA, determination of citizenship).
- Application form F (from age 16) or FK (children), with an annex on the German ancestors and a power of attorney form, available from the BVA site or the German missions in Brazil. Fees and processing times: not confirmed; check the BVA and the mission.
Declaration under § 5 StAG
Some people can acquire German citizenship by declaration (§ 5 StAG), for example certain children of a German parent who did not acquire it at birth, and their descendants. The declaration period is 10 years from the rule's entry into force (20 August 2021), so until August 2031. A conviction of at least 2 years excludes it. Whether your case fits: read the current text; this page does not assess your case.
Anyone who voluntarily became Brazilian before 27 June 2024 (for example by naturalisation) has as a rule lost German citizenship (§ 25 StAG, old version). The 2024 reform is not retroactive; ask the BVA about your case.
Italian ancestry
Many people in Brazil have Italian ancestors. Italy changed its rules on citizenship by descent in 2025; we did not verify the current rules. Ask the Italian consulate. This site gives no advice on Italian citizenship.
Descent cases are legal questions. Use a lawyer for citizenship law or the German mission. If you are not a citizen, choose a route: Which route fits me?
A question this page does not answer? Contact us. Free orientation only, no legal advice for individual cases.